Tag Archives: needle roller bearing

China Hot selling CZPT Tapered Roller Bearing Cylindrical Roller Bearing Needle Roller Bearing Spherical Roller Bearing Thrust Roller Bearing Auto Car Spare Parts Bearings with high quality

Product Description

Timken tapered roller bearing cylindrical roller bearing needle roller bearing spherical roller bearing thrust roller bearing auto car spare parts bearings

 

DSR Bearing provides the Tapered Roller Bearings
 
Name Tapered Roller Bearings
Models Single row/ Double row/ Four row … or customized
We provide High precision & Stable quality
Material 52100 Bearing Steel GCr15, Plastic, Ceramic, Stainless steel etc.
Sealed Type Open / Steel Shield / Rubber Seals
Clearance C0 C2 C3 C4
Tech Precision Ground, Heat Treated, Polished, Hard Chrome Plated
Feature Low noise, corrosion, rust resistance, and long service life
Applications * Hydraulic Cylinders
* Mining & Construction Equipment
* Agricultural Equipment
* Snow Grooming Machines
* Rail & Tramway
* Oil & Gas
* Ship & Port Machinery
* Solar Energy
* Material Handling Equipment
* and many, many more…
Certificate ISO9001:2015
Delivery time 5-30days, determined by the quantity
Payment terms L/C, T/T
Free Sample The sample charge and shipping fee are paid by the buyer.
Stock Great Supplying Ability
Company Type Manufacturer
Factory Address ZheJiang , China.
Office Address ZheJiang , China.
Workers 200+
MOQ 10 pcs standard bearings
10000 pcs customized your brand bearings
OEM policy We can printing your brand (logo, artwork)on the shield or laser engraving your brand on the shield.
We can custom your packaging according to your design
All copyright own by clients and we promised don’t disclose any info.
Packing * Industrial package + outer carton + pallet
* Single box + outer carton + pallet
* Tube package + middle box + outer carton + pallet
* Original packaging + pallet
* According to your requirements
Remark 1. Less than 45kgs, send by Express
2. Between 45 – 150kgs, send by Air
3. More than 150kgs, send by Sea


Tapered roller bearings are separable bearings. The inner components and outer rings can be installed separately. The radial and axial clearances of the bearings can be adjusted during installation and use. They are mostly used for automobile rear axle hubs, large machine tool spindles, and high power. Reducer, rollers of conveying device and support roller and work roller of rolling mill.

*Single row tapered roller bearings
*Matched tapered roller bearings
*Double row tapered roller bearings
*Four-row tapered roller bearings

1)Taper roller bearings consist of 4 independent components: the cone(the inner ring); the cup(the outer ring); the tapered roller(the rolling elements); and the cage(the roller retainers).

2)The bearings have taped inner and outer ring raceways between which tapered rollers are arranged, and the conical rollers are guided by a back-face flange on the cone.

3)The bearings are not self-retaining. As a result, the inner ring together with the rollers and cage can be fitted separately from the outer ring.

4)These bearings are capable of taking high radial loads and axial loads in 1 direction. In addition, the rollers are increased in both size and number giving it an even higher load capacity

5)The axial load carrying is determined by the contact angel. The larger angel, the higher the axial load carrying capacity.

6)Sufix of the bearing:

35710 Series – Tapered Roller Bearings

32000 Series – Tapered Roller Bearings

32200 Series – Tapered Roller Bearings

33000 Series – Tapered Roller Bearings

Features and benefits:

Low friction
Long service life
Enhanced operational reliability
Consistency of roller profiles and sizes
Rigid bearing application
Running-in period with reduced temperature peaks
Separable and interchangeable

Application:

Car, rolling mill, mining, metallurgical, plastic machinery, etc

We can supply following bearing:

ZheJiang CZPT Bearing can supply you with the broadest possible array of bearings. In addition to Ball bearing, Roller bearing, Needle bearing, Pillow Blocks, we manufacture Flange blocks, Rolling mill bearing, Slide bearing and Water pump bearing. Our unparalleled experience as a total manufacturer and exporter for these industries is essential for the development and application of a premier product line for all general industries.

We pride ourselves on our ability to serve every customer, from backyard mechanics, to independent shop owners, to automotive technicians, to large manufacturing plants. Our Target Industries served are Agricultural Equipment, Cranes, Electric Motors, Gearboxes, Material Handling, Packaging Machinery, Power Tools, Pumps, Railways and Transportation, Robotics, and products for Textile Machinery. ZheJiang Bearing Company is a stronger and growing exporter of bearing in China.

In addition to manufacturing commodity-based bearing products, CZPT Bearing makes custom bearing solutions for OEM. ZheJiang CZPT bearing has stringent quality control standards and maintains complete control over supply, using only the highest grade bearing steel.

Our mission is to fully provide for you. Well into our more than Ten years of business, we are confident that you’ll find what you’re looking for in bearing product here. Please call, email, or stop by for more information.
 
We have well facilities and complete equipment strong technology and professional after-sales service.

 

Packing

A. Plastic paper + kraft paper + outer carton + Nylon bag
B. Tube package + outer carton + Nylon bag
C. Single box + outer carton + pallets
D. According to your requirement

Q: Is your company a factory or a trading company?
A: We have our own factory, our type is factory & trade.

Q: What is your company’s minimum order quantity?
A: 1pc.

Q: Could you tell me the material of your bearing?
A: We can provide you with chrome steel, stainless steel, ceramic and carbon steel.

Q: Can you affix my brand name (logo) on these products?
A: Yes, we can customize it for you according to samples or drawings.

Q: Could you supply samples for free?
A: Yes, We are honored to offer you samples for quality check, do you only need to pay for the freight?

Q: Could you offer door to door service?
A: Yes.

Q: How long do I need to wait before my goods arrive?
A: International express delivery takes 3-5days, 5-7 days for air transportation and 35-40 days for sea transportation.

Q: What payment methods do you accept?
A: T/T, L/C.

How to Select:
– Choose the bearing model or size.
–  Pricing adjusts according to the bearing size and quantity.
                                              

             

We are the factory that is willing to accompany with you to grow and develop together, we hope to establish a long-term cooperative relationship with you. And you are very welcome to contact me and visit our factory.

How to Calculate Stiffness, Centering Force, Wear and Fatigue Failure of Spline Couplings

There are various types of spline couplings. These couplings have several important properties. These properties are: Stiffness, Involute splines, Misalignment, Wear and fatigue failure. To understand how these characteristics relate to spline couplings, read this article. It will give you the necessary knowledge to determine which type of coupling best suits your needs. Keeping in mind that spline couplings are usually spherical in shape, they are made of steel.
splineshaft

Involute splines

An effective side interference condition minimizes gear misalignment. When 2 splines are coupled with no spline misalignment, the maximum tensile root stress shifts to the left by 5 mm. A linear lead variation, which results from multiple connections along the length of the spline contact, increases the effective clearance or interference by a given percentage. This type of misalignment is undesirable for coupling high-speed equipment.
Involute splines are often used in gearboxes. These splines transmit high torque, and are better able to distribute load among multiple teeth throughout the coupling circumference. The involute profile and lead errors are related to the spacing between spline teeth and keyways. For coupling applications, industry practices use splines with 25 to 50-percent of spline teeth engaged. This load distribution is more uniform than that of conventional single-key couplings.
To determine the optimal tooth engagement for an involved spline coupling, Xiangzhen Xue and colleagues used a computer model to simulate the stress applied to the splines. The results from this study showed that a “permissible” Ruiz parameter should be used in coupling. By predicting the amount of wear and tear on a crowned spline, the researchers could accurately predict how much damage the components will sustain during the coupling process.
There are several ways to determine the optimal pressure angle for an involute spline. Involute splines are commonly measured using a pressure angle of 30 degrees. Similar to gears, involute splines are typically tested through a measurement over pins. This involves inserting specific-sized wires between gear teeth and measuring the distance between them. This method can tell whether the gear has a proper tooth profile.
The spline system shown in Figure 1 illustrates a vibration model. This simulation allows the user to understand how involute splines are used in coupling. The vibration model shows 4 concentrated mass blocks that represent the prime mover, the internal spline, and the load. It is important to note that the meshing deformation function represents the forces acting on these 3 components.
splineshaft

Stiffness of coupling

The calculation of stiffness of a spline coupling involves the measurement of its tooth engagement. In the following, we analyze the stiffness of a spline coupling with various types of teeth using 2 different methods. Direct inversion and blockwise inversion both reduce CPU time for stiffness calculation. However, they require evaluation submatrices. Here, we discuss the differences between these 2 methods.
The analytical model for spline couplings is derived in the second section. In the third section, the calculation process is explained in detail. We then validate this model against the FE method. Finally, we discuss the influence of stiffness nonlinearity on the rotor dynamics. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We present a simple yet effective method for estimating the lateral stiffness of spline couplings.
The numerical calculation of the spline coupling is based on the semi-analytical spline load distribution model. This method involves refined contact grids and updating the compliance matrix at each iteration. Hence, it consumes significant computational time. Further, it is difficult to apply this method to the dynamic analysis of a rotor. This method has its own limitations and should be used only when the spline coupling is fully investigated.
The meshing force is the force generated by a misaligned spline coupling. It is related to the spline thickness and the transmitting torque of the rotor. The meshing force is also related to the dynamic vibration displacement. The result obtained from the meshing force analysis is given in Figures 7, 8, and 9.
The analysis presented in this paper aims to investigate the stiffness of spline couplings with a misaligned spline. Although the results of previous studies were accurate, some issues remained. For example, the misalignment of the spline may cause contact damages. The aim of this article is to investigate the problems associated with misaligned spline couplings and propose an analytical approach for estimating the contact pressure in a spline connection. We also compare our results to those obtained by pure numerical approaches.

Misalignment

To determine the centering force, the effective pressure angle must be known. Using the effective pressure angle, the centering force is calculated based on the maximum axial and radial loads and updated Dudley misalignment factors. The centering force is the maximum axial force that can be transmitted by friction. Several published misalignment factors are also included in the calculation. A new method is presented in this paper that considers the cam effect in the normal force.
In this new method, the stiffness along the spline joint can be integrated to obtain a global stiffness that is applicable to torsional vibration analysis. The stiffness of bearings can also be calculated at given levels of misalignment, allowing for accurate estimation of bearing dimensions. It is advisable to check the stiffness of bearings at all times to ensure that they are properly sized and aligned.
A misalignment in a spline coupling can result in wear or even failure. This is caused by an incorrectly aligned pitch profile. This problem is often overlooked, as the teeth are in contact throughout the involute profile. This causes the load to not be evenly distributed along the contact line. Consequently, it is important to consider the effect of misalignment on the contact force on the teeth of the spline coupling.
The centre of the male spline in Figure 2 is superposed on the female spline. The alignment meshing distances are also identical. Hence, the meshing force curves will change according to the dynamic vibration displacement. It is necessary to know the parameters of a spline coupling before implementing it. In this paper, the model for misalignment is presented for spline couplings and the related parameters.
Using a self-made spline coupling test rig, the effects of misalignment on a spline coupling are studied. In contrast to the typical spline coupling, misalignment in a spline coupling causes fretting wear at a specific position on the tooth surface. This is a leading cause of failure in these types of couplings.
splineshaft

Wear and fatigue failure

The failure of a spline coupling due to wear and fatigue is determined by the first occurrence of tooth wear and shaft misalignment. Standard design methods do not account for wear damage and assess the fatigue life with big approximations. Experimental investigations have been conducted to assess wear and fatigue damage in spline couplings. The tests were conducted on a dedicated test rig and special device connected to a standard fatigue machine. The working parameters such as torque, misalignment angle, and axial distance have been varied in order to measure fatigue damage. Over dimensioning has also been assessed.
During fatigue and wear, mechanical sliding takes place between the external and internal splines and results in catastrophic failure. The lack of literature on the wear and fatigue of spline couplings in aero-engines may be due to the lack of data on the coupling’s application. Wear and fatigue failure in splines depends on a number of factors, including the material pair, geometry, and lubrication conditions.
The analysis of spline couplings shows that over-dimensioning is common and leads to different damages in the system. Some of the major damages are wear, fretting, corrosion, and teeth fatigue. Noise problems have also been observed in industrial settings. However, it is difficult to evaluate the contact behavior of spline couplings, and numerical simulations are often hampered by the use of specific codes and the boundary element method.
The failure of a spline gear coupling was caused by fatigue, and the fracture initiated at the bottom corner radius of the keyway. The keyway and splines had been overloaded beyond their yield strength, and significant yielding was observed in the spline gear teeth. A fracture ring of non-standard alloy steel exhibited a sharp corner radius, which was a significant stress raiser.
Several components were studied to determine their life span. These components include the spline shaft, the sealing bolt, and the graphite ring. Each of these components has its own set of design parameters. However, there are similarities in the distributions of these components. Wear and fatigue failure of spline couplings can be attributed to a combination of the 3 factors. A failure mode is often defined as a non-linear distribution of stresses and strains.

China Hot selling CZPT Tapered Roller Bearing Cylindrical Roller Bearing Needle Roller Bearing Spherical Roller Bearing Thrust Roller Bearing Auto Car Spare Parts Bearings with high qualityChina Hot selling CZPT Tapered Roller Bearing Cylindrical Roller Bearing Needle Roller Bearing Spherical Roller Bearing Thrust Roller Bearing Auto Car Spare Parts Bearings with high quality

China Custom Strong Cage Needle Roller Bearing near me shop

Product Description


Features
Compact radial structure;
More rolling contact surfaces and strong .

Product Description

Needle roller bearings are bearings with cylindrical rollers that are small in diameter relative to their length. The modified roller/raceway profile prevents stress peaks to extend bearing service life.Needle roller bearings are equipped with thin and long rollers, so the radial structure is compact.With the same inner diameter and load capacity as other types of bearings, its outer diameter is smallest, especially suitable for the support structure with limited radial installation size.

Needle roller bearings comprise machined outer rings, needle roller and cage assemblies and removable inner rings. Depending on the application, a bearing without an inner ring or a needle roller and cage assembly can be selected. In order to ensure the same load capacity and running performance as like the bearing with ring, the hardness, machining accuracy and surface quality of the raceway surface of the shaft or housing hole should be similar to the raceway of the bearing ring. This type of bearing can only bear radial loads.

Main applications:

Automobile transmission, gearbox, engine, valve train, direction and brake system, axle support, outboard engine, power tool, copy and fax machine, paper feeding equipment, etc.

Product Parameters

Bearings Number Dimension(mm)
d F D B
NA495 5 7 13 10
NA496 6 8 15 10
NA497 7 9 17 10
NA498 8 10 19 11
NA499 9 12 20 11
NA4900 10 14 22 13
NA4901 12 16 24 13
NA4902 15 20 28 13
NA4903 17 22 30 13
NA4904 20 25 37 17
NA49/22 22 28 39 17
NA4905 25 30 42 17
NA49/28 28 32 45 17
NA4906 30 35 47 17
NA49/32 32 40 52 20
NA4907 35 42 55 20
NA4908 40 48 62 22
NA4909 45 52 68 22
NA4910 50 58 72 22
NA4911 55 63 80 25
NA4912 60 68 85 25
NA4913 65 72 90 25
NA4914 70 80 100 30
NA4915 75 85 105 30
NA4916 80 90 110 30
NA4917 85 100 120 35
NA4918 90 105 125 35
NA4919 95 110 130 35
NA4920 100 115 140 40
NA4922 110 125 150 40

 

This parameter table is not complete, please contact us for details.

Company Profile

ZheJiang CZPT Machinery Co., Ltd, Xihu (West Lake) Dis. High-precision Bearings Co., Ltd belongs to CZPT group. It is located in Industrial Development Zone of Liao-cheng city, which is bearings manufacturing base in China. We have been specialized in the production of auto parts, bearings and retainers since year 1986.

Our factory covers an area of 120,000 sq.m, with a construction area of 66,000 sq.m. There are more than 600 employees, 50 management personnel, 80 technical engineers and 60 quality inspectors. We are famous manufacturer group for our strict quality control system and hard-working team.

There are more than 40 sets of high-precision mold processing equipment, 150 sets of various CNC lathes, 200 sets of white dynamic grinding machines, 120 sets of stamping equipment, 16 sets of special demagnetization machines, 10 sets of high-pressure spray cleaning machines, 6 sets ultrasonic cleaning machines and 6 automatic bearing grinding lines. They are also equipped with advanced hardness tester, length measuring instrument, sine instrument, spectrometer, infrared carbon and sulfur analyzer, CZPT hardness tester, roughness profiler, electronic tensile testing machine, metallographic microscope, projection coordinate instrument, roundness instrument, ABLT-2 life testing machine, three-coordinate testing machine and so on. We are ready to provide customers with high-quality precision bearing products.

Our company passed ISO9001, ISO/TS16949 and IATF16949 quality management system. Our products are CE / SGS certified. Through introducing world-leading technology and bring together domestic high-tech talents, it ensures our rapid growth and competitive advantages.

Sincerely wish you visit our factory!

 

FAQ

Q1: Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?

Yes, we can provide a small amount of free samples. Do you mind paying the freight?

Q2: Can you accept OEM or non-standard Bearings ?

Any requirement for non-standard roller bearings is easily fulfilled by us due to our engineers’ rich experience.

Q3: What is your latest delivery time?

Most orders will be shipped within 7-15 days of payment  received.

Q4:Does your company have quality assurance?

Yes, for 2 years.

Q5:Which payment method does your company support?

T/T is best, but we can also accept L/C.

Q6:How to contact us quickly?

Please send us an inquiry or message and leave your other contact information, such as phone number,   or account, we will contact you as soon as possible and provide the detailed information.
 

 

What Are the Advantages of a Splined Shaft?

If you are looking for the right splined shaft for your machine, you should know a few important things. First, what type of material should be used? Stainless steel is usually the most appropriate choice, because of its ability to offer low noise and fatigue failure. Secondly, it can be machined using a slotting or shaping machine. Lastly, it will ensure smooth motion. So, what are the advantages of a splined shaft?
Stainless steel is the best material for splined shafts

When choosing a splined shaft, you should consider its hardness, quality, and finish. Stainless steel has superior corrosion and wear resistance. Carbon steel is another good material for splined shafts. Carbon steel has a shallow carbon content (about 1.7%), which makes it more malleable and helps ensure smooth motion. But if you’re not willing to spend the money on stainless steel, consider other options.
There are 2 main types of splines: parallel splines and crowned splines. Involute splines have parallel grooves and allow linear and rotary motion. Helical splines have involute teeth and are oriented at an angle. This type allows for many teeth on the shaft and minimizes the stress concentration in the stationary joint.
Large evenly spaced splines are widely used in hydraulic systems, drivetrains, and machine tools. They are typically made from carbon steel (CR10) and stainless steel (AISI 304). This material is durable and meets the requirements of ISO 14-B, formerly DIN 5463-B. Splined shafts are typically made of stainless steel or C45 steel, though there are many other materials available.
Stainless steel is the best material for a splined shaft. This metal is also incredibly affordable. In most cases, stainless steel is the best choice for these shafts because it offers the best corrosion resistance. There are many different types of splined shafts, and each 1 is suited for a particular application. There are also many different types of stainless steel, so choose stainless steel if you want the best quality.
For those looking for high-quality splined shafts, CZPT Spline Shafts offer many benefits. They can reduce costs, improve positional accuracy, and reduce friction. With the CZPT TFE coating, splined shafts can reduce energy and heat buildup, and extend the life of your products. And, they’re easy to install – all you need to do is install them.
splineshaft

They provide low noise, low wear and fatigue failure

The splines in a splined shaft are composed of 2 main parts: the spline root fillet and the spline relief. The spline root fillet is the most critical part, because fatigue failure starts there and propagates to the relief. The spline relief is more susceptible to fatigue failure because of its involute tooth shape, which offers a lower stress to the shaft and has a smaller area of contact.
The fatigue life of splined shafts is determined by measuring the S-N curve. This is also known as the Wohler curve, and it is the relationship between stress amplitude and number of cycles. It depends on the material, geometry and way of loading. It can be obtained from a physical test on a uniform material specimen under a constant amplitude load. Approximations for low-alloy steel parts can be made using a lower-alloy steel material.
Splined shafts provide low noise, minimal wear and fatigue failure. However, some mechanical transmission elements need to be removed from the shaft during assembly and manufacturing processes. The shafts must still be capable of relative axial movement for functional purposes. As such, good spline joints are essential to high-quality torque transmission, minimal backlash, and low noise. The major failure modes of spline shafts include fretting corrosion, tooth breakage, and fatigue failure.
The outer disc carrier spline is susceptible to tensile stress and fatigue failure. High customer demands for low noise and low wear and fatigue failure makes splined shafts an excellent choice. A fractured spline gear coupling was received for analysis. It was installed near the top of a filter shaft and inserted into the gearbox motor. The service history was unknown. The fractured spline gear coupling had longitudinally cracked and arrested at the termination of the spline gear teeth. The spline gear teeth also exhibited wear and deformation.
A new spline coupling method detects fault propagation in hollow cylindrical splined shafts. A spline coupling is fabricated using an AE method with the spline section unrolled into a metal plate of the same thickness as the cylinder wall. In addition, the spline coupling is misaligned, which puts significant concentration on the spline teeth. This further accelerates the rate of fretting fatigue and wear.
A spline joint should be lubricated after 25 hours of operation. Frequent lubrication can increase maintenance costs and cause downtime. Moreover, the lubricant may retain abrasive particles at the interfaces. In some cases, lubricants can even cause misalignment, leading to premature failure. So, the lubrication of a spline coupling is vital in ensuring proper functioning of the shaft.
The design of a spline coupling can be optimized to enhance its wear resistance and reliability. Surface treatments, loads, and rotation affect the friction properties of a spline coupling. In addition, a finite element method was developed to predict wear of a floating spline coupling. This method is feasible and provides a reliable basis for predicting the wear and fatigue life of a spline coupling.
splineshaft

They can be machined using a slotting or shaping machine

Machines can be used to shape splined shafts in a variety of industries. They are useful in many applications, including gearboxes, braking systems, and axles. A slotted shaft can be manipulated in several ways, including hobbling, broaching, and slotting. In addition to shaping, splines are also useful in reducing bar diameter.
When using a slotting or shaping machine, the workpiece is held against a pedestal that has a uniform thickness. The machine is equipped with a stand column and limiting column (Figure 1), each positioned perpendicular to the upper surface of the pedestal. The limiting column axis is located on the same line as the stand column. During the slotting or shaping process, the tool is fed in and out until the desired space is achieved.
One process involves cutting splines into a shaft. Straddle milling, spline shaping, and spline cutting are 2 common processes used to create splined shafts. Straddle milling involves a fixed indexing fixture that holds the shaft steady, while rotating milling cutters cut the groove in the length of the shaft. Several passes are required to ensure uniformity throughout the spline.
Splines are a type of gear. The ridges or teeth on the drive shaft mesh with grooves in the mating piece. A splined shaft allows the transmission of torque to a mate piece while maximizing the power transfer. Splines are used in heavy vehicles, construction, agriculture, and massive earthmoving machinery. Splines are used in virtually every type of rotary motion, from axles to transmission systems. They also offer better fatigue life and reliability.
Slotting or shaping machines can also be used to shape splined shafts. Slotting machines are often used to machine splined shafts, because it is easier to make them with these machines. Using a slotting or shaping machine can result in splined shafts of different sizes. It is important to follow a set of spline standards to ensure your parts are manufactured to the highest standards.
A milling machine is another option for producing splined shafts. A spline shaft can be set up between 2 centers in an indexing fixture. Two side milling cutters are mounted on an arbor and a spacer and shims are inserted between them. The arbor and cutters are then mounted to a milling machine spindle. To make sure the cutters center themselves over the splined shaft, an adjustment must be made to the spindle of the machine.
The machining process is very different for internal and external splines. External splines can be broached, shaped, milled, or hobbed, while internal splines cannot. These machines use hard alloy, but they are not as good for internal splines. A machine with a slotting mechanism is necessary for these operations.

China Custom Strong Cage Needle Roller Bearing near me shop China Custom Strong Cage Needle Roller Bearing near me shop

China best Long Life High Quality Needle Roller Bearing with Great quality

Product Description


Features
Compact radial structure;
More rolling contact surfaces and strong .

Product Description

Needle roller bearings are bearings with cylindrical rollers that are small in diameter relative to their length. The modified roller/raceway profile prevents stress peaks to extend bearing service life.Needle roller bearings are equipped with thin and long rollers, so the radial structure is compact.With the same inner diameter and load capacity as other types of bearings, its outer diameter is smallest, especially suitable for the support structure with limited radial installation size.

Needle roller bearings comprise machined outer rings, needle roller and cage assemblies and removable inner rings. Depending on the application, a bearing without an inner ring or a needle roller and cage assembly can be selected. In order to ensure the same load capacity and running performance as like the bearing with ring, the hardness, machining accuracy and surface quality of the raceway surface of the shaft or housing hole should be similar to the raceway of the bearing ring. This type of bearing can only bear radial loads.

Main applications:

Automobile transmission, gearbox, engine, valve train, direction and brake system, axle support, outboard engine, power tool, copy and fax machine, paper feeding equipment, etc.

Product Parameters

Bearings Number Dimension(mm)
d F D B
NA495 5 7 13 10
NA496 6 8 15 10
NA497 7 9 17 10
NA498 8 10 19 11
NA499 9 12 20 11
NA4900 10 14 22 13
NA4901 12 16 24 13
NA4902 15 20 28 13
NA4903 17 22 30 13
NA4904 20 25 37 17
NA49/22 22 28 39 17
NA4905 25 30 42 17
NA49/28 28 32 45 17
NA4906 30 35 47 17
NA49/32 32 40 52 20
NA4907 35 42 55 20
NA4908 40 48 62 22
NA4909 45 52 68 22
NA4910 50 58 72 22
NA4911 55 63 80 25
NA4912 60 68 85 25
NA4913 65 72 90 25
NA4914 70 80 100 30
NA4915 75 85 105 30
NA4916 80 90 110 30
NA4917 85 100 120 35
NA4918 90 105 125 35
NA4919 95 110 130 35
NA4920 100 115 140 40
NA4922 110 125 150 40

 

This parameter table is not complete, please contact us for details.

Company Profile

ZheJiang CZPT Machinery Co., Ltd, Xihu (West Lake) Dis. High-precision Bearings Co., Ltd belongs to CZPT group. It is located in Industrial Development Zone of Liao-cheng city, which is bearings manufacturing base in China. We have been specialized in the production of auto parts, bearings and retainers since year 1986.

Our factory covers an area of 120,000 sq.m, with a construction area of 66,000 sq.m. There are more than 600 employees, 50 management personnel, 80 technical engineers and 60 quality inspectors. We are famous manufacturer group for our strict quality control system and hard-working team.

There are more than 40 sets of high-precision mold processing equipment, 150 sets of various CNC lathes, 200 sets of white dynamic grinding machines, 120 sets of stamping equipment, 16 sets of special demagnetization machines, 10 sets of high-pressure spray cleaning machines, 6 sets ultrasonic cleaning machines and 6 automatic bearing grinding lines. They are also equipped with advanced hardness tester, length measuring instrument, sine instrument, spectrometer, infrared carbon and sulfur analyzer, CZPT hardness tester, roughness profiler, electronic tensile testing machine, metallographic microscope, projection coordinate instrument, roundness instrument, ABLT-2 life testing machine, three-coordinate testing machine and so on. We are ready to provide customers with high-quality precision bearing products.

Our company passed ISO9001, ISO/TS16949 and IATF16949 quality management system. Our products are CE / SGS certified. Through introducing world-leading technology and bring together domestic high-tech talents, it ensures our rapid growth and competitive advantages.

Sincerely wish you visit our factory!

 

FAQ

Q1: Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?

Yes, we can provide a small amount of free samples. Do you mind paying the freight?

Q2: Can you accept OEM or non-standard Bearings ?

Any requirement for non-standard roller bearings is easily fulfilled by us due to our engineers’ rich experience.

Q3: What is your latest delivery time?

Most orders will be shipped within 7-15 days of payment  received.

Q4:Does your company have quality assurance?

Yes, for 2 years.

Q5:Which payment method does your company support?

T/T is best, but we can also accept L/C.

Q6:How to contact us quickly?

Please send us an inquiry or message and leave your other contact information, such as phone number,   or account, we will contact you as soon as possible and provide the detailed information.
 

 

Standard Length Splined Shafts

Standard Length Splined Shafts are made from Mild Steel and are perfect for most repair jobs, custom machinery building, and many other applications. All stock splined shafts are 2-3/4 inches in length, and full splines are available in any length, with additional materials and working lengths available upon request and quotation. CZPT Manufacturing Company is proud to offer these standard length shafts.
splineshaft

Disc brake mounting interfaces that are splined

There are 2 common disc brake mounting interfaces, splined and center lock. Disc brakes with splined interfaces are more common. They are usually easier to install. The center lock system requires a tool to remove the locking ring on the disc hub. Six-bolt rotors are easier to install and require only 6 bolts. The center lock system is commonly used with performance road bikes.
Post mount disc brakes require a post mount adapter, while flat mount disc brakes do not. Post mount adapters are more common and are used for carbon mountain bikes, while flat mount interfaces are becoming the norm on road and gravel bikes. All disc brake adapters are adjustable for rotor size, though. Road bikes usually use 160mm rotors while mountain bikes use rotors that are 180mm or 200mm.
splineshaft

Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helical splined

A helical splined disc brake mounting interface is designed with a splined connection between the hub and brake disc. This splined connection allows for a relatively large amount of radial and rotational displacement between the disc and hub. A loosely splined interface can cause a rattling noise due to the movement of the disc in relation to the hub.
The splines on the brake disc and hub are connected via an air gap. The air gap helps reduce heat conduction from the brake disc to the hub. The present invention addresses problems of noise, heat, and retraction of brake discs at the release of the brake. It also addresses issues with skewing and dragging. If you’re unsure whether this type of mounting interface is right for you, consult your mechanic.
Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helix-splined may be used in conjunction with other components of a wheel. They are particularly useful in disc brake mounting interfaces for hub-to-hub assemblies. The spacer elements, which are preferably located circumferentially, provide substantially the same function no matter how the brake disc rotates. Preferably, 3 spacer elements are located around the brake disc. Each of these spacer elements has equal clearance between the splines of the brake disc and the hub.
Spacer elements 6 include a helical spring portion 6.1 and extensions in tangential directions that terminate in hooks 6.4. These hooks abut against the brake disc 1 in both directions. The helical spring portion 5.1 and 6.1 have stiffness enough to absorb radial impacts. The spacer elements are arranged around the circumference of the intermeshing zone.
A helical splined disc mount includes a stabilizing element formed as a helical spring. The helical spring extends to the disc’s splines and teeth. The ends of the extension extend in opposite directions, while brackets at each end engage with the disc’s splines and teeth. This stabilizing element is positioned axially over the disc’s width.
Helical splined disc brake mounting interfaces are popular in bicycles and road bicycles. They’re a reliable, durable way to mount your brakes. Splines are widely used in aerospace, and have a higher fatigue life and reliability. The interfaces between the splined disc brake and BB spindle are made from aluminum and acetate.
As the splined hub mounts the disc in a helical fashion, the spring wire and disc 2 will be positioned in close contact. As the spring wire contacts the disc, it creates friction forces that are evenly distributed throughout the disc. This allows for a wide range of axial motion. Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helical splined have higher strength and stiffness than their counterparts.
Disc brake mounting interfaces that are helically splined can have a wide range of splined surfaces. The splined surfaces are the most common type of disc brake mounting interfaces. They are typically made of stainless steel or aluminum and can be used for a variety of applications. However, a splined disc mount will not support a disc with an oversized brake caliper.

China best Long Life High Quality Needle Roller Bearing with Great qualityChina best Long Life High Quality Needle Roller Bearing with Great quality

China Standard Long Service Life Needle Roller Bearing with Good quality

Product Description


Features
Compact radial structure;
More rolling contact surfaces and strong .

Product Description

Needle roller bearings are bearings with cylindrical rollers that are small in diameter relative to their length. The modified roller/raceway profile prevents stress peaks to extend bearing service life.Needle roller bearings are equipped with thin and long rollers, so the radial structure is compact.With the same inner diameter and load capacity as other types of bearings, its outer diameter is smallest, especially suitable for the support structure with limited radial installation size.

Needle roller bearings comprise machined outer rings, needle roller and cage assemblies and removable inner rings. Depending on the application, a bearing without an inner ring or a needle roller and cage assembly can be selected. In order to ensure the same load capacity and running performance as like the bearing with ring, the hardness, machining accuracy and surface quality of the raceway surface of the shaft or housing hole should be similar to the raceway of the bearing ring. This type of bearing can only bear radial loads.

Main applications:

Automobile transmission, gearbox, engine, valve train, direction and brake system, axle support, outboard engine, power tool, copy and fax machine, paper feeding equipment, etc.

Product Parameters

Bearings Number Dimension(mm)
d F D B
NA495 5 7 13 10
NA496 6 8 15 10
NA497 7 9 17 10
NA498 8 10 19 11
NA499 9 12 20 11
NA4900 10 14 22 13
NA4901 12 16 24 13
NA4902 15 20 28 13
NA4903 17 22 30 13
NA4904 20 25 37 17
NA49/22 22 28 39 17
NA4905 25 30 42 17
NA49/28 28 32 45 17
NA4906 30 35 47 17
NA49/32 32 40 52 20
NA4907 35 42 55 20
NA4908 40 48 62 22
NA4909 45 52 68 22
NA4910 50 58 72 22
NA4911 55 63 80 25
NA4912 60 68 85 25
NA4913 65 72 90 25
NA4914 70 80 100 30
NA4915 75 85 105 30
NA4916 80 90 110 30
NA4917 85 100 120 35
NA4918 90 105 125 35
NA4919 95 110 130 35
NA4920 100 115 140 40
NA4922 110 125 150 40

 

This parameter table is not complete, please contact us for details.

Company Profile

ZheJiang CZPT Machinery Co., Ltd, Xihu (West Lake) Dis. High-precision Bearings Co., Ltd belongs to CZPT group. It is located in Industrial Development Zone of Liao-cheng city, which is bearings manufacturing base in China. We have been specialized in the production of auto parts, bearings and retainers since year 1986.

Our factory covers an area of 120,000 sq.m, with a construction area of 66,000 sq.m. There are more than 600 employees, 50 management personnel, 80 technical engineers and 60 quality inspectors. We are famous manufacturer group for our strict quality control system and hard-working team.

There are more than 40 sets of high-precision mold processing equipment, 150 sets of various CNC lathes, 200 sets of white dynamic grinding machines, 120 sets of stamping equipment, 16 sets of special demagnetization machines, 10 sets of high-pressure spray cleaning machines, 6 sets ultrasonic cleaning machines and 6 automatic bearing grinding lines. They are also equipped with advanced hardness tester, length measuring instrument, sine instrument, spectrometer, infrared carbon and sulfur analyzer, CZPT hardness tester, roughness profiler, electronic tensile testing machine, metallographic microscope, projection coordinate instrument, roundness instrument, ABLT-2 life testing machine, three-coordinate testing machine and so on. We are ready to provide customers with high-quality precision bearing products.

Our company passed ISO9001, ISO/TS16949 and IATF16949 quality management system. Our products are CE / SGS certified. Through introducing world-leading technology and bring together domestic high-tech talents, it ensures our rapid growth and competitive advantages.

Sincerely wish you visit our factory!

 

FAQ

Q1: Do you provide samples? Is it free or extra?

Yes, we can provide a small amount of free samples. Do you mind paying the freight?

Q2: Can you accept OEM or non-standard Bearings ?

Any requirement for non-standard roller bearings is easily fulfilled by us due to our engineers’ rich experience.

Q3: What is your latest delivery time?

Most orders will be shipped within 7-15 days of payment  received.

Q4:Does your company have quality assurance?

Yes, for 2 years.

Q5:Which payment method does your company support?

T/T is best, but we can also accept L/C.

Q6:How to contact us quickly?

Please send us an inquiry or message and leave your other contact information, such as phone number,   or account, we will contact you as soon as possible and provide the detailed information.
 

 

The Different Types of Splines in a Splined Shaft

A splined shaft is a machine component with internal and external splines. The splines are formed in 4 different ways: Involute, Parallel, Serrated, and Ball. You can learn more about each type of spline in this article. When choosing a splined shaft, be sure to choose the right 1 for your application. Read on to learn about the different types of splines and how they affect the shaft’s performance.
splineshaft

Involute splines

Involute splines in a splined shaft are used to secure and extend mechanical assemblies. They are smooth, inwardly curving grooves that resist separation during operation. A shaft with involute splines is often longer than the shaft itself. This feature allows for more axial movement. This is beneficial for many applications, especially in a gearbox.
The involute spline is a shaped spline, similar to a parallel spline. It is angled and consists of teeth that create a spiral pattern that enables linear and rotatory motion. It is distinguished from other splines by the serrations on its flanks. It also has a flat top. It is a good option for couplers and other applications where angular movement is necessary.
Involute splines are also called involute teeth because of their shape. They are flat on the top and curved on the sides. These teeth can be either internal or external. As a result, involute splines provide greater surface contact, which helps reduce stress and fatigue. Regardless of the shape, involute splines are generally easy to machine and fit.
Involute splines are a type of splines that are used in splined shafts. These splines have different names, depending on their diameters. An example set of designations is for a 32-tooth male spline, a 2,500-tooth module, and a 30 degree pressure angle. An example of a female spline, a fillet root spline, is used to describe the diameter of the splined shaft.
The effective tooth thickness of splines is dependent on the number of keyways and the type of spline. Involute splines in splined shafts should be designed to engage 25 to 50 percent of the spline teeth during the coupling. Involute splines should be able to withstand the load without cracking.

Parallel splines

Parallel splines are formed on a splined shaft by putting 1 or more teeth into another. The male spline is positioned at the center of the female spline. The teeth of the male spline are also parallel to the shaft axis, but a common misalignment causes the splines to roll and tilt. This is common in many industrial applications, and there are a number of ways to improve the performance of splines.
Typically, parallel splines are used to reduce friction in a rotating part. The splines on a splined shaft are narrower on the end face than the interior, which makes them more prone to wear. This type of spline is used in a variety of industries, such as machinery, and it also allows for greater efficiency when transmitting torque.
Involute splines on a splined shaft are the most common. They have equally spaced teeth, and are therefore less likely to crack due to fatigue. They also tend to be easy to cut and fit. However, they are not the best type of spline. It is important to understand the difference between parallel and involute splines before deciding on which spline to use.
The difference between splined and involute splines is the size of the grooves. Involute splines are generally larger than parallel splines. These types of splines provide more torque to the gear teeth and reduce stress during operation. They are also more durable and have a longer life span. And because they are used on farm machinery, they are essential in this type of application.
splineshaft

Serrated splines

A Serrated Splined Shaft has several advantages. This type of shaft is highly adjustable. Its large number of teeth allows large torques, and its shorter tooth width allows for greater adjustment. These features make this type of shaft an ideal choice for applications where accuracy is critical. Listed below are some of the benefits of this type of shaft. These benefits are just a few of the advantages. Learn more about this type of shaft.
The process of hobbing is inexpensive and highly accurate. It is useful for external spline shafts, but is not suitable for internal splines. This type of process forms synchronized shapes on the shaft, reducing the manufacturing cycle and stabilizing the relative phase between spline and thread. It uses a grinding wheel to shape the shaft. CZPT Manufacturing has a large inventory of Serrated Splined Shafts.
The teeth of a Serrated Splined Shaft are designed to engage with the hub over the entire circumference of the shaft. The teeth of the shaft are spaced uniformly around the spline, creating a multiple-tooth point of contact over the entire length of the shaft. The results of these analyses are usually satisfactory. But there are some limitations. To begin with, the splines of the Serrated Splined Shaft should be chosen carefully. If the application requires large-scale analysis, it may be necessary to modify the design.
The splines of the Serrated Splined Shaft are also used for other purposes. They can be used to transmit torque to another device. They also act as an anti-rotational device and function as a linear guide. Both the design and the type of splines determine the function of the Splined Shaft. In the automobile industry, they are used in vehicles, aerospace, earth-moving machinery, and many other industries.

Ball splines

The invention relates to a ball-spinned shaft. The shaft comprises a plurality of balls that are arranged in a series and are operatively coupled to a load path section. The balls are capable of rolling endlessly along the path. This invention also relates to a ball bearing. Here, a ball bearing is 1 of the many types of gears. The following discussion describes the features of a ball bearing.
A ball-splined shaft assembly comprises a shaft with at least 1 ball-spline groove and a plurality of circumferential step grooves. The shaft is held in a first holding means that extends longitudinally and is rotatably held by a second holding means. Both the shaft and the first holding means are driven relative to 1 another by a first driving means. It is possible to manufacture a ball-splined shaft in a variety of ways.
A ball-splined shaft features a nut with recirculating balls. The ball-splined nut rides in these grooves to provide linear motion while preventing rotation. A splined shaft with a nut that has recirculating balls can also provide rotary motion. A ball splined shaft also has higher load capacities than a ball bushing. For these reasons, ball splines are an excellent choice for many applications.
In this invention, a pair of ball-spinned shafts are housed in a box under a carrier device 40. Each of the 2 shafts extends along a longitudinal line of arm 50. One end of each shaft is supported rotatably by a slide block 56. The slide block also has a support arm 58 that supports the center arm 50 in a cantilever fashion.
splineshaft

Sector no-go gage

A no-go gauge is a tool that checks the splined shaft for oversize. It is an effective way to determine the oversize condition of a splined shaft without removing the shaft. It measures external splines and serrations. The no-go gage is available in sizes ranging from 19mm to 130mm with a 25mm profile length.
The sector no-go gage has 2 groups of diametrally opposed teeth. The space between them is manufactured to a maximum space width and the tooth thickness must be within a predetermined tolerance. This gage would be out of tolerance if the splines were measured with a pin. The dimensions of this splined shaft can be found in the respective ANSI or DIN standards.
The go-no-go gage is useful for final inspection of thread pitch diameter. It is also useful for splined shafts and threaded nuts. The thread of a screw must match the contour of the go-no-go gage head to avoid a no-go condition. There is no substitute for a quality machine. It is an essential tool for any splined shaft and fastener manufacturer.
The NO-GO gage can detect changes in tooth thickness. It can be calibrated under ISO17025 standards and has many advantages over a non-go gage. It also gives a visual reference of the thickness of a splined shaft. When the teeth match, the shaft is considered ready for installation. It is a critical process. In some cases, it is impossible to determine the precise length of the shaft spline.
The 45-degree pressure angle is most commonly used for axles and torque-delivering members. This pressure angle is the most economical in terms of tool life, but the splines will not roll neatly like a 30 degree angle. The 45-degree spline is more likely to fall off larger than the other two. Oftentimes, it will also have a crowned look. The 37.5 degree pressure angle is a compromise between the other 2 pressure angles. It is often used when the splined shaft material is harder than usual.

China Standard Long Service Life Needle Roller Bearing with Good qualityChina Standard Long Service Life Needle Roller Bearing with Good quality

China high quality Auto Parts China Factory Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Roller Needle Angular Contact Bearing for Mainshaft with CZPT CZPT Brand with Hot selling

Product Description

Bearing Feature:

Angular Contact Ball Bearing is mainly applied on high speed, high precision and little axial load occasions, such as airplane engine main shaft, machine tool main shaft and main shafts of other high speed precision machine. It can also be applied on high frequency motor, steam turbine, oil pump, air compressor and printing machine etc. It is 1 of the bearings most widely used in machinery industry.

 

Applications:

Single row angular contact ball bearings: machine tool spindles, high frequency motors, gas turbines, centrifuges, small car front wheel, differential pinion shaft, booster pumps, drilling platforms, food machinery, dividing head, fill welder, low-noise cooling towers, electrical and mechanical equipment, painting equipment, machine slot board, arc welding machine.
Double row angular contact ball bearings: pump, blower, air compressor, various types of transmission, fuel injection pumps, printing machinery, planetary reducer, extraction equipment, cycloid reducer, food packaging machinery, welding machines, electric irons, square box, gravity gun, wire strippers, axle, test analysis equipment, fine chemicals, machinery.

 

Product Number Bore Dia (d) Outer Dia (D) Width (B) Dynamic Load Rating (Cr) (kN) Static Load Rating (Cor) (kN)
7000 10 mm 26mm 8mm 4.65 2.07
7001 12 mm 28 mm 8 mm 5.05 2.46
7002 15 mm 32 mm 9 mm 5.8 3.15
7003 17 mm 35 mm 10 mm 7.15 3.85
7004 20 mm 42mm 12mm 9.7 5.6
7005 25 mm 47mm 12mm 10.7 6.85
7006 30 mm 55mm 13mm 13.9 9.45
7007 35 mm 62mm 14mm 17.5 12.6
7008 40 mm 68mm 15mm 18.8 14.6
7009 45 mm 75mm 16mm 22.3 17.7
7571 50 mm 80mm 16mm 23.7 20.1
7011 55 mm 90mm 18mm 31 26.3
7012 60 mm 95mm 18mm 32 28.1
7013 65 mm 100mm 18mm 33.5 31.5
7014 70 mm 110mm 20mm 42.5 39.5
7015 75 mm 115mm 20mm 43.5 41.5
7016 80 mm 125mm 22mm 53.5 50.5
7017 85 mm 130mm 22mm 54.5 53.5
7018 90 mm 140mm 24mm 65 63.5
7019 95 mm 145mm 24mm 67 67
7571 100 mm 150mm 24mm 68.5 70.5
7571 105 mm 160mm 26mm 80 81.5
7571 110 mm 170mm 28mm 92 93
7571 120 mm 180mm 28mm 93.5 98.5
7026 130 mm 200mm 33mm 117 125
7571 140 mm 210mm 33mm 120 133
7030 150 mm 225mm 35mm 137 154
7032 160 mm 240mm 38mm 155 176
7034 170 mm 260mm 42mm 186 214
7036 180 mm 280mm 46mm 219 266
7038 190 mm 290mm 46mm 224 280
7040 200 mm 310mm 51mm 252 325

 

How to Calculate Stiffness, Centering Force, Wear and Fatigue Failure of Spline Couplings

There are various types of spline couplings. These couplings have several important properties. These properties are: Stiffness, Involute splines, Misalignment, Wear and fatigue failure. To understand how these characteristics relate to spline couplings, read this article. It will give you the necessary knowledge to determine which type of coupling best suits your needs. Keeping in mind that spline couplings are usually spherical in shape, they are made of steel.
splineshaft

Involute splines

An effective side interference condition minimizes gear misalignment. When 2 splines are coupled with no spline misalignment, the maximum tensile root stress shifts to the left by 5 mm. A linear lead variation, which results from multiple connections along the length of the spline contact, increases the effective clearance or interference by a given percentage. This type of misalignment is undesirable for coupling high-speed equipment.
Involute splines are often used in gearboxes. These splines transmit high torque, and are better able to distribute load among multiple teeth throughout the coupling circumference. The involute profile and lead errors are related to the spacing between spline teeth and keyways. For coupling applications, industry practices use splines with 25 to 50-percent of spline teeth engaged. This load distribution is more uniform than that of conventional single-key couplings.
To determine the optimal tooth engagement for an involved spline coupling, Xiangzhen Xue and colleagues used a computer model to simulate the stress applied to the splines. The results from this study showed that a “permissible” Ruiz parameter should be used in coupling. By predicting the amount of wear and tear on a crowned spline, the researchers could accurately predict how much damage the components will sustain during the coupling process.
There are several ways to determine the optimal pressure angle for an involute spline. Involute splines are commonly measured using a pressure angle of 30 degrees. Similar to gears, involute splines are typically tested through a measurement over pins. This involves inserting specific-sized wires between gear teeth and measuring the distance between them. This method can tell whether the gear has a proper tooth profile.
The spline system shown in Figure 1 illustrates a vibration model. This simulation allows the user to understand how involute splines are used in coupling. The vibration model shows 4 concentrated mass blocks that represent the prime mover, the internal spline, and the load. It is important to note that the meshing deformation function represents the forces acting on these 3 components.
splineshaft

Stiffness of coupling

The calculation of stiffness of a spline coupling involves the measurement of its tooth engagement. In the following, we analyze the stiffness of a spline coupling with various types of teeth using 2 different methods. Direct inversion and blockwise inversion both reduce CPU time for stiffness calculation. However, they require evaluation submatrices. Here, we discuss the differences between these 2 methods.
The analytical model for spline couplings is derived in the second section. In the third section, the calculation process is explained in detail. We then validate this model against the FE method. Finally, we discuss the influence of stiffness nonlinearity on the rotor dynamics. Finally, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We present a simple yet effective method for estimating the lateral stiffness of spline couplings.
The numerical calculation of the spline coupling is based on the semi-analytical spline load distribution model. This method involves refined contact grids and updating the compliance matrix at each iteration. Hence, it consumes significant computational time. Further, it is difficult to apply this method to the dynamic analysis of a rotor. This method has its own limitations and should be used only when the spline coupling is fully investigated.
The meshing force is the force generated by a misaligned spline coupling. It is related to the spline thickness and the transmitting torque of the rotor. The meshing force is also related to the dynamic vibration displacement. The result obtained from the meshing force analysis is given in Figures 7, 8, and 9.
The analysis presented in this paper aims to investigate the stiffness of spline couplings with a misaligned spline. Although the results of previous studies were accurate, some issues remained. For example, the misalignment of the spline may cause contact damages. The aim of this article is to investigate the problems associated with misaligned spline couplings and propose an analytical approach for estimating the contact pressure in a spline connection. We also compare our results to those obtained by pure numerical approaches.

Misalignment

To determine the centering force, the effective pressure angle must be known. Using the effective pressure angle, the centering force is calculated based on the maximum axial and radial loads and updated Dudley misalignment factors. The centering force is the maximum axial force that can be transmitted by friction. Several published misalignment factors are also included in the calculation. A new method is presented in this paper that considers the cam effect in the normal force.
In this new method, the stiffness along the spline joint can be integrated to obtain a global stiffness that is applicable to torsional vibration analysis. The stiffness of bearings can also be calculated at given levels of misalignment, allowing for accurate estimation of bearing dimensions. It is advisable to check the stiffness of bearings at all times to ensure that they are properly sized and aligned.
A misalignment in a spline coupling can result in wear or even failure. This is caused by an incorrectly aligned pitch profile. This problem is often overlooked, as the teeth are in contact throughout the involute profile. This causes the load to not be evenly distributed along the contact line. Consequently, it is important to consider the effect of misalignment on the contact force on the teeth of the spline coupling.
The centre of the male spline in Figure 2 is superposed on the female spline. The alignment meshing distances are also identical. Hence, the meshing force curves will change according to the dynamic vibration displacement. It is necessary to know the parameters of a spline coupling before implementing it. In this paper, the model for misalignment is presented for spline couplings and the related parameters.
Using a self-made spline coupling test rig, the effects of misalignment on a spline coupling are studied. In contrast to the typical spline coupling, misalignment in a spline coupling causes fretting wear at a specific position on the tooth surface. This is a leading cause of failure in these types of couplings.
splineshaft

Wear and fatigue failure

The failure of a spline coupling due to wear and fatigue is determined by the first occurrence of tooth wear and shaft misalignment. Standard design methods do not account for wear damage and assess the fatigue life with big approximations. Experimental investigations have been conducted to assess wear and fatigue damage in spline couplings. The tests were conducted on a dedicated test rig and special device connected to a standard fatigue machine. The working parameters such as torque, misalignment angle, and axial distance have been varied in order to measure fatigue damage. Over dimensioning has also been assessed.
During fatigue and wear, mechanical sliding takes place between the external and internal splines and results in catastrophic failure. The lack of literature on the wear and fatigue of spline couplings in aero-engines may be due to the lack of data on the coupling’s application. Wear and fatigue failure in splines depends on a number of factors, including the material pair, geometry, and lubrication conditions.
The analysis of spline couplings shows that over-dimensioning is common and leads to different damages in the system. Some of the major damages are wear, fretting, corrosion, and teeth fatigue. Noise problems have also been observed in industrial settings. However, it is difficult to evaluate the contact behavior of spline couplings, and numerical simulations are often hampered by the use of specific codes and the boundary element method.
The failure of a spline gear coupling was caused by fatigue, and the fracture initiated at the bottom corner radius of the keyway. The keyway and splines had been overloaded beyond their yield strength, and significant yielding was observed in the spline gear teeth. A fracture ring of non-standard alloy steel exhibited a sharp corner radius, which was a significant stress raiser.
Several components were studied to determine their life span. These components include the spline shaft, the sealing bolt, and the graphite ring. Each of these components has its own set of design parameters. However, there are similarities in the distributions of these components. Wear and fatigue failure of spline couplings can be attributed to a combination of the 3 factors. A failure mode is often defined as a non-linear distribution of stresses and strains.

China high quality Auto Parts China Factory Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Roller Needle Angular Contact Bearing for Mainshaft with CZPT CZPT Brand with Hot sellingChina high quality Auto Parts China Factory Deep Groove Ball Bearing, Roller Needle Angular Contact Bearing for Mainshaft with CZPT CZPT Brand with Hot selling